20 Types and Forms of Humor

 20 Types and Forms of Humor

Humor comes in many flavors, any of which may appeal to one person but not to another, and which may be enjoyed in alternation or in combination. Here are names and descriptions of the varieties of comic expression:

1. Anecdotal: Named after the word anecdote (which stems from the Greek term meaning “unpublished”); refers to comic personal stories that may be true or partly true but embellished.

2. Blue: Also called off-color, or risque (from the French word for “to risk”); relies on impropriety or indecency for comic effect. (The name probably derives from the eighteenth-century use of the word blue to refer to morally strict standards — hence the phrase “blue laws” to refer to ordinances restricting certain behavior on the Sabbath).
A related type is broad humor, which refers to unrestrained, unsubtle humor often marked by coarse jokes and sexual situations.

3. Burlesque: Ridicules by imitating with caricature, or exaggerated characterization. The association with striptease is that in a bygone era, mocking skits and ecdysiastic displays were often on the same playbills in certain venues.

4. Dark/Gallows/Morbid: Grim or depressing humor dealing with misfortune and/or death and with a pessimistic outlook.

5. Deadpan/Dry: Delivered with an impassive, expressionless, matter-of-fact presentation.

6. Droll: From the Dutch word meaning “imp”; utilizes capricious or eccentric humor.

7. Epigrammatic: Humor consisting of a witty saying such as “Too many people run out of ideas long before they run out of words.” (Not all epigrams are humorous, however.) Two masters of epigrammatic humor are Benjamin Franklin (as the author of Poor Richard’s Almanackand Oscar Wilde.

8. Farcical: Comedy based on improbable coincidences and with satirical elements, punctuated at times with overwrought, frantic action. (It, like screwball comedy — see below — shares many elements with a comedy of errors.) Movies and plays featuring the Marx Brothers are epitomes of farce. The adjective also refers to incidents or proceedings that seem too ridiculous to be true.

 

9. High/highbrow: Humor pertaining to cultured, sophisticated themes.

10. Hyperbolic: Comic presentation marked by extravagant exaggeration and outsized characterization.

11. Ironic: Humor involving incongruity and discordance with norms, in which the intended meaning is opposite, or nearly opposite, to the literal meaning. (Not all irony is humorous, however.)

12. Juvenile/sophomoric: Humor involving childish themes such as pranks, name-calling, and other immature behavior.

13. Mordant: Caustic or biting humor (the word stems from a Latin word meaning “to bite”). Not to be confused with morbid humor (see above).

14. Parodic: Comic imitation often intended to ridicule an author, an artistic endeavor, or a genre.

15. Satirical: Humor that mocks human weaknesses or aspects of society.

16. Screwball: Akin to farce in that it deals with unlikely situations and responses to those situations; distinguished, like farcical humor, by exaggerated characterizations and episodes of fast-paced action.

17. Self-deprecating: Humor in which performers target themselves and their foibles or misfortunes for comic effect. Stand-up comedian Rodney Dangerfield was a practitioner of self-deprecating humor.

18. Situational: Humor arising out of quotidian situations; it is the basis of sitcoms, or situation comedies. Situational comedies employ elements of farce, screwball, slapstick, and other types of humor.

19. Slapstick: Comedy in which mock violence and simulated bodily harm are staged for comic effect; also called physical comedy. The name derives from a prop consisting of a stick with an attached piece of wood that slapped loudly against it when one comedian struck another with it, enhancing the effect. The Three Stooges were renowned for their slapstick comedy.

20. Stand-up: A form of comedy delivery in which a comic entertains an audience with jokes and humorous stories. A stand-up comedian may employ one or more of the types of humor described here.

 

9 Types of Humor Every Aspiring Comic Should Know

One of the least funny things you can do is explain a joke, and yet it’s also incredibly important to be able to do so. If you can’t explain why types of humor are funny, then you’re lacking the fundamental grasp on that humor that would allow you to wield it properly. Comedy is hard, and understanding all the different types of humor and why they work is key to both writing comedy and appreciating it. In this guide, we’ll go over some popular and well-known types of humor, and deconstruct their mechanics, plus give some notable examples from each brand. Of course, knowing is only part of the job.

1. Slapstick Comedy

Slapstick is super easy to identify, because it’s one of the more physical variations of comedy. The humor in slapstick derives from its exaggerated physical gesturing, movements, and situations. It’s one of the sillier, simpler forms of comedy, and can be seen employed by the likes of Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton in early silent era films, and today in the Jackass movies and sketch comedy shows.

2. Deadpan

Deadpan is also called dry humor, and is defined more by its delivery than the actual content, though there are definitely certain types of jokes that work better delivered deadpan over others. Deadpan is exactly what it sounds like: delivering jokes without any noticeable change in emotion. In fact, the comedian should keep a rigid, monotonous, bored sounding tone, making the joke or observation come off as scathingly blunt or sarcastic. The humor in deadpan comes from the audience’s connection between the joke and the contradicting tone of its delivery. Some examples include the television show Curb Your Enthusiasm.

3. Self-Deprecating

Self-awareness can be comedy gold if it’s done correctly, and this is exactly where self-deprecating humor stems from. It’s a type of humor that relies entirely on belittling oneself. The humor comes in how mundane and relatable the topics of its jokes can be, with the comedian joking about things like their own bad habits, being socially awkward, how they always mess up dates, and so on. These are things that most common people can relate to, and so it becomes a tension reliever to laugh at our own problems encompassed by another. Louis C.K. is a stand-up comedian who uses self-deprecating humor very often.

4. Potty Humor

Maybe the lowest of the low brow types of humor, potty humor relies entirely on being gross. Also called toilet humor or scatological humor, for obvious reasons, it’s a type of humor that focuses on making the audience cringe. It’s often in poor taste, vulgar, and “crosses the line” for the sake of making people laugh. This type of humor can most often be found in children’s cartoons, or for the more risqué material, “adult” comedies.

 

5. Topical Humor

The go-to form of humor for many late night talk shows, topical humor is exactly what it sounds like: humor that focuses on topical events. This is the kind of humor you’ll see on The Daily Show or The Onion. It’s easy and accessible humor that makes fun of current events. The way it’s delivered, of course, can overlap with any of the types of humor on this list. The key is that it’s chock full of relevant pop culture references and nudge-winks to recent goings-on. Learn great public speaking skills – vital for a comedian.

6. Satire

Often related to topical humor, but not required to be so, is satire. Satire is one of the most misunderstood and difficult types of humor, because it needs to be “smart.” Satire is not just the art of mocking something; it’s about using irony, sarcasm, and caricature to highlight the real-life vices and flaws about the thing you’re satirizing, while still making relevant social commentary about that thing. Perhaps the most famous example of satire is Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal, a fake political pamphlet that used extreme hyperbole to point out his society’s poor treatment of the impoverished. The Onion is a popular modern day example of satire and topical humor, as it is a fake news site that mocks current events. Writing good satire can be tough, especially if you’re not an excellent writer!

7. Parody

Parody is not satire, but it uses elements of satire such as sarcasm and irony. Parody is about mocking something through imitation. This can be done out of a distaste for the thing being parodied, or as a playful tribute. The mockumentary is a good example of parody. Mockumentaries are films done in the style of documentaries, but the things and people they document are not real. One example of this is Spinal Tap, a mockumentary about a fictional 80s metal band (who is portrayed as real in the “documentary”), which mocks the conventions of rock documentaries and the ridiculous culture surrounding rock groups.

8. Black Comedy

Black comedy, also called dark comedy or gallows humor, is a type of humor that focuses on serious, dark, and often morbid subject matter. It’s of the philosophy that when things are bad, sometimes the only thing you can do to maintain your sanity or faith in the world is laugh. “Good” black comedy should not make humor out of the devastating situations themselves, but use a combination of deadpan, self-deprecation, or satire to point out, mock, and ultimately laugh at terrible situations. Gallows humor is hard to do meaningfully, and can sometimes border on “shock value,” which is humor that aims to offend its audience just because it can. Daniel Tosh of the television show Tosh.0 is known for this kind of shock-based humor.

9. Surreal Comedy

Surreal comedy is about defying logic and using nonsensical situations and non-sequiturs to get a laugh out of people. It’s easy to equate it to slapstick, as the two can sometimes overlap, but surreal comedy leans much more towards the bizarre. Monty Python’s Flying Circus is an example of surreal comedy. Another thing some surreal comedy aims to do is zero in on a ridiculous aspect of something to the point of absurdity, seen in the sketch comedy show Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! This show satirizes and hones in on the already bizarre nature of public-access television and 90s commercials until it enters the realm of the surreal.